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Predict and Protect the Model Airport

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Predict and Protect the Model Airport

Use test results to predict which covers will keep soil in place.

Rain Near the Runway

Read about the classroom models. Use the water results to make predictions.

Room 8 Builds an Airport

Room 8 is building a model airport on the classroom project table. Beside the runway is a small soil slope. The builders wonder how to keep rain and wind from carrying soil onto the runway.

An adult tests three designs inside large catch trays: bare soil, soil with growing grass, and soil under a straw mat. Each model starts with 14 small scoops of soil and the same slope. Clips hold the straw mat at two corners.

For each water test, the adult pours one cup of water from the same height at the same slow speed. For wind tests, the adult uses fresh models. A hand fan stays the same distance away and makes 15 gentle strokes. Students stand back.

The class catches soil that leaves each model. After it dries, they measure it with the same small scoop. They subtract that amount from 14 to find the soil that stayed. A cover that keeps more soil in place gives better protection in that test.

Water Test Results: Soil That Stayed
Bare soil: 7 scoops
Grass cover: 13 scoops
Straw mat: 11 scoops
1.
The class repeats the same water test. Which design would you predict will keep the most soil in place?
Question 1 options
2.

How many more scoops stayed with grass than with the straw mat? scoops

3.
Imani says, “The bare model worked best because its number is smallest.” Which true statement shows why Imani is wrong?
Question 3 options
4.
Circle the TWO changes that would likely keep more soil in place than leaving the model bare during another matching water test.

5.
The class wants to compare the two covers again. Which plan makes the comparison fair?
Question 5 options

Wind Beside the Runway

Read the graph carefully. A taller bar means more soil stayed in place.

Soil That Stayed After Wind02468101214Bare soilGrass coverStraw matModel designScoops of soil
6.
The class expects another wind test just like this one. Which design is the best choice for keeping soil off the runway?
Question 6 options
7.

How many more scoops stayed with the straw mat than with grass in the wind test? scoops

8.
Each prediction is for a test like the class test. Sort it by which results support it.
9.
Theo predicts that 13 scoops will stay under the straw mat even with much stronger wind. What is the best response?
Question 9 options

Plan the Next Airport Model

Use both sets of results and the new observation. Make predictions and explain your choices.

10.
One airport model needs protection from wind and water, but it cannot use living plants. Which tested plan is best for that model?
Question 10 options
11.
A builder predicts that grass will protect the soil better than bare ground in both kinds of tests. Underline the TWO comparisons that support this prediction.

A New Observation
During another wind test, the middle of one straw-mat edge lifts up. Wind blows under that edge and carries soil out. The clips at the two corners stay in place.
12.
Which change best addresses the problem the class observed?
Question 12 options
13.
Predict how adding clips along the lifting edge could change the amount of soil that stays. Explain why, using the new observation.
14.
For two new models, choose the best tested cover for water and the best tested cover for wind. Use numbers to explain why you predict each cover will work better than the other cover.